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Math

3rd Grade TEKS — Numbers, Algebra, Geometry, Data & Finance

🔢 Numbers and Operations ▼

Key Concepts

  • Place value: ones · tens · hundreds · thousands · ten-thousands · hundred-thousands. The digit's position tells its value. 4 in 40,000 = 40,000; 4 in 400 = 400.
  • Comparing numbers: > means greater than, < means less than, = means equal. Always start by comparing the highest place value first.
  • Rounding: Look at the digit to the right. If it's 5 or more, round up. If it's 4 or less, round down. Example: 347 rounded to nearest 10 → 350.
  • Multiplication: Think of equal groups. 6 × 7 = 6 groups of 7 = 42. Know all facts 0–12. Trick: multiply in any order (3×8 = 8×3).
  • Division: The opposite of multiplication. 42 ÷ 7 = 6 because 6 × 7 = 42. Think "what times ___ = ___?"
  • Fractions: The denominator (bottom) = total equal parts. The numerator (top) = parts you have. 3/4 means 3 out of 4 equal parts.
  • Equivalent fractions: 1/2 = 2/4 = 4/8. Same amount, different numbers. To check: draw a picture or use a number line.

Watch & Learn

Math Antics — Multiplication
Math Antics — Fractions Are Parts
  • Count, read, and write whole numbers through 100,000
  • Compare and order numbers using <, >, and =
  • Round numbers to the nearest 10 or 100
  • Add and subtract numbers up to 1,000
  • Multiply one-digit numbers (0–12) using multiplication tables
  • Divide using basic facts; understand the connection to multiplication
  • Identify and place fractions (halves, thirds, fourths, sixths, eighths) on a number line
  • Identify equivalent fractions
📘 Khan Academy — 3rd Grade Math ▶ Math Antics — Rounding ▶ Math Antics — Comparing Fractions
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➕ Algebraic Reasoning ▼

Key Concepts

  • Number patterns: Find the rule! Example: 3, 6, 9, 12 → rule is +3 (counting by 3s). 5, 10, 15 → rule is +5.
  • Input/output tables: Apply the rule to find missing values. If rule is ×4: input 3 → output 12; input 7 → output 28.
  • Equations with unknowns: 6 × ___ = 42. Ask: what number × 6 = 42? Answer: 7.
  • Properties of multiplication: Commutative: 4×7 = 7×4. Associative: (2×3)×4 = 2×(3×4). Distributive: 6×7 = 6×(5+2) = 30+12 = 42.
  • Identify patterns in number sequences and skip counting (2s, 5s, 10s, 100s)
  • Solve one-step addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division equations
  • Use commutative, associative, and distributive properties
  • Identify a rule for a pattern and extend it
  • Understand the meaning of an unknown (variable) in an equation
📘 Khan Academy — Algebraic Thinking ▶ Math Antics — Multi-Digit Multiplication
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📐 Geometry and Measurement ▼

Key Concepts

  • 2D shapes (polygons): triangle = 3 sides · quadrilateral = 4 sides · pentagon = 5 · hexagon = 6 · heptagon = 7 · octagon = 8.
  • 3D figures: sphere (ball), cone (ice cream), cylinder (can), rectangular prism (box), pyramid.
  • Perimeter: distance all the way around a shape. Add all side lengths. A rectangle with sides 5 and 3: P = 5+3+5+3 = 16.
  • Area: space inside a flat shape. Count unit squares, or for a rectangle: A = length × width. A 4×6 rectangle has area 24 square units.
  • Elapsed time: count forward on a number line. Start 2:15 PM, end 4:45 PM → 2 hours 30 minutes elapsed.
  • Liquid volume: 2 cups = 1 pint · 2 pints = 1 quart · 4 quarts = 1 gallon. Metric: 1000 mL = 1 liter.

Watch & Learn

Math Antics — Polygons
Song — Gallons, Quarts, Pints & Cups
  • Identify 2D shapes: triangle, quadrilateral, pentagon, hexagon, polygon
  • Identify 3D figures: sphere, cone, cylinder, rectangular prism
  • Measure length using customary (inches, feet) and metric (cm, m) units
  • Measure perimeter of polygons; determine area by counting unit squares
  • Tell time to the nearest minute; calculate elapsed time
  • Measure liquid volume using cups, pints, quarts, gallons and liters
📘 Khan Academy — Geometry ▶ Math Antics — Quadrilaterals ▶ Math Antics — Triangles
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📊 Data Analysis ▼

Key Concepts

  • Bar graph: bars show amounts for each category. The taller the bar, the bigger the number. Read the scale on the side!
  • Pictograph: uses pictures or symbols to show data. Each picture might = 2 or 5 items — check the key!
  • Dot plot (frequency table): each dot or tally mark = one data point. Count up dots to find totals.
  • Drawing conclusions: Which bar is tallest? (most popular) Which is shortest? (least popular) What is the difference between two bars?
  • Read and interpret bar graphs, pictographs, and dot plots
  • Summarize data sets with frequency tables
  • Use data to answer questions and draw conclusions
  • Create and interpret tables
📘 Khan Academy — Data
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💰 Personal Financial Literacy ▼

Key Concepts

  • Income: money you earn by working. Examples: allowance, selling lemonade, babysitting.
  • Fixed expense: costs the same amount every time (e.g., monthly phone bill).
  • Variable expense: amount changes (e.g., grocery bill, electric bill).
  • Profit: money left after subtracting costs. If you sell cookies for $10 but ingredients cost $4, profit = $6.
  • Budget: a plan for how to use money. Divide income into: spending + saving + donating.
  • Saving goal: decide how much to set aside each week to reach a target amount.
  • Describe the relationship between earning, spending, saving, and donating
  • Create a simple budget
  • Explain the difference between a fixed and variable expense
  • Calculate simple profit and loss
  • Understand the costs and benefits of borrowing
📘 Khan Academy — Financial Literacy
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